Fuel from landfill

As the search for new energy source and alternative ways to power the world`s energy needs increases, more have been said toward diverting attention from the conventional sources of energy – crude oil and coal in a bit to reduce over reliance on these conventional thereby reducing the quantity of greenhouse gas emission. Energy from hydro, wind, solar is known to many but little has been known about energy from landfills. Energy from landfills have remained unknown to many and are produced on a daily basis either consciously or unconsciously through the refuses, wastes, garbage from our homes, offices, schools and factories etc. hulled away by trucks to specially designed structures called Landfill for disposal.

Central Sector Scheme of Scholarship for College and University Students in India, 2013

And this is probably the best and a well known scholarship scheme for those who have passed class 12 in 2013 and are pursuing/will pursue higher studies in under graduate regular courses in Engineering, Science, Commerce, etc. (not correspondence or distance mode) from recognized educational institutions/university in India.

By the Central Sector Scholarship Scheme, the Government of India awards 82000 scholarships (41000 for boys and 41000 for girls) worth Rs. 1000 per month during under graduation and Rs. 2000 per month for your masters. And once you are selected, you keep getting this scholarship till you continue your studies.

The National Merit Scholarship Scheme, the objective of which was to provide financial assistance to meritorious students studying from post-matric to post-graduate level in Government schools/colleges and universities has been discontinued with effect from April, 2007. However, a New Central Sector Scheme of Scholarship for College and University Students has been introduced during XI Five Year Plan. The objective of the new scheme is to provide financial assistance to meritorious students from low income families to meet a part of their day-to-day expenses while pursuing higher studies.

The scholarships will be awarded on the basis of the results of senior secondary examination. 82000 fresh scholarships per annum (41000 for boys and 41000 for girls) will be awarded for graduate/postgraduate studies in colleges and universities and for professional courses, such as Medical, Engineering etc.

Allocation of Scholarships: The total number of scholarships will be divided amongst the state boards based on the state’s population in the age group of 18 - 25 years, after segregating share of CBSE and ICSE on the basis of number of students passing out from various boards in the country which means you have to apply through the board whose certificate exam you have passed in 2013.

**Here we are sharing the details for the CBSE students. And the students who have passed out of ICSE and other state boards should apply through their respective board's website.

50% of the scholarships would be earmarked for girls. The number of scholarships

Now we focus on the Central Sector Scheme of Scholarship for College and University Students in India for those students who have passed out of CBSE in 2013.

Who can apply: All conditions are mandatory and applicable to all categories of applicants:

• The applicant should be an Indian national
• The applicant should have passed the Senior School Certificate Examination 2013 conducted by CBSE and have secured the total aggregate marks (in first five subjects) equal or above the following minimum marks out of 500 as per the stream opted by the applicant:

Science: 418, Commerce: 401, Other Streams: 338

• The applicant should be pursuing higher studies and have taken admission in Under Graduation regular course (not correspondence or distance mode) from recognized colleges/university in India.
• The applicant should not be availing any other scholarship.
• Total Annual Income of parents of the applicant from all sources should not exceed Rs. 6 lakhs per annum.
• The applicant should not belong to creamy layer as defined by DoP&T from time to time. (Govt. of India, Dept. of Per. & Trg., OM No. 36033/S/2004-Estt. (Res.), dated 14-10-2004) (This is applicable to all categories of applicants both ‘general’ and ‘reserved’)

Scholarship Amount and Duration: 

a) During graduation: Rs. 1000/- per month* for three years: To be disbursed lump sum amount of Rs. 10,000/- at end of academic year.

b) During post graduation: Rs 2000/- per month for two
years after graduation: To be disbursed lump sum amount of Rs. 20,000/- at end of academic year

Number of scholarships will be distributed amongst pass out of the Science, Commerce and Humanities in ratio of 3:2:1. Reservation to SC, ST, OBC and PH will be as per guidelines of the Govt of India.

How to Apply: To apply, you need to fill an online application and send its hardcopy to the CBSE's head office in New Delhi by September 30, 2013

For more details on this scheme, go through this doc (Official Notification)

And you can apply here online: Online Application

Research Internship in Chennai - Tarnea Technology Solutions #Mechanical Engineering #Industrial Engineering #Productions #Operations

Tarnea (http://www.tarnea.com/) is a Bangalore based firm working at the confluence of Design & Technology. Their products are aimed at serving customers across global markets. Tarnea espouses a strong Engineering culture and their approach is centred on Design Thinking. Every product or solution is a “Design Intervention” to improve the status quo and bring some fun into the things users normally do.

The company is developing innovative products and solution in the space of mobile computing, using cloud based backend technologies. They are building an industry leading platform for business process, intelligence and analytics cutting across both “Big” and “Small” data.

Job description: This is a short term internship for approx. 4 weeks. The work involves the study of a high velocity distribution operations and redesigning the same. Specifically, this will involve:

• Mapping and understanding production flow
• Measuring and benchmarking the discrete steps in the flow
• Devising alternate models of stocking, picking, process flow and allocation of manpower
• Building simple flow models (usually on excel sheets)

The work will require data collection and observations on the shop floor for approx. 20-25 hrs.

The engagement will be in Chennai and knowledge of Tamil will be essential.

Desired Skills and Experience: You should have an experience of having performed similar work in a high velocity production environment and be able to provide strong references and testimonials.

You should have a BE/B.Tech/MBA in Production/Operations/Mechanical Engineering.

Final year students can also apply.

For more details and to apply, visit OPEN APPLICATION

Handbook for Geological Structures and Maps

Click here to Download

Handbook For Principles of Reservoir Simulation

Click Here to Download

Coal's Great 2012 Means It Could Displace Oil to Become the World's Number 1 Source of Energy

Oil remains the world's leading source of energy, providing 33.1% in 2012, but its share has fallen to its lowest level since at least 1965 and now could be displaced as the world's top energy source by coal.

http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/statistical-review-of-world-energy-2013.html.

As oil loses market share, coal gains market share and provided 29.9% of the world's global energy in 2012, its highest market share since 1970. The two most carbon intensive fuels--oil and coal--are the world's biggest sources of energy and together supply 63% of the globe's energy. One need look no further than those facts to understand why the world continues to increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and why many are pessimistic about the world's ability to avoid enormous warming in the next 80 years.

Other than coal and oil, what does the world use for the rest of its energy? Natural gas provides 23.9%; hydro power 6.7%; nuclear power 4.5; and non-hydro renewable energy 2.4%.  Those fuels are zero carbon or lower carbon than coal or oil.

But in 2012, the world used more coal and oil than ever before, and coal moved toward displacing oil as the world's leading fuel.

New Duke University Study Finds Evidence That Gas Drilling In PA Has Caused Methane Pollution of Water Wells

Professor Rob Jackson and his colleague have published a new study looking carefully at methane levels and characteristics in 141 water wells in 6 counties in Northeast Pennsylvania.  The study is published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.  Importantly, the study was funded by Duke University and two donors to Duke University, but neither by industry nor foundations funding its opponents.  Since Duke University has funded this research done by its professors, it’s appropriate to say this is a "Duke" study.

The study finds significant evidence that mistakes in gas drilling--either in casing or cementing--have caused stray thermo genic methane gas to contaminate some water wells.  In this respect, this study's results are consistent with the findings in 2010 of the Pennsylvania Department of Environment Protection that gas drilling mistakes had caused methane to contaminate 18 water wells in Dimock, Pennsylvania.

Much of the evidence for Jackson's conclusion that stray gas from mistakes in gas drilling have caused pollution of water wells stems from analysis of the methane found in water wells and high concentrations of ethane and propane, both of which are not associated with microbes or biogenic natural gas.  Jackson also finds a statistically significant correlation between the distance of a water well from gas drilling and concentrations of methane in the 141 water wells. 

Here is the Associated Press report on the Duke University study that also mentions a USGS study that found many water wells in areas where no gas drilling takes place have methane of various levels in them.

http://www.ohio.com/news/break-news/natural-gas-drilling-studies-find-methane-in-pennsylvania-drinking-water-1.408356.

Professor Jackson also states in the AP story that Duke University continues to find no evidence of fracking fluids in water wells.  That too has been the finding of testing done by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection in 2010 and the Environmental Protection Agency in 2012.

So what to make of the Duke University and USGS studies?

First, gas drilling mistakes in cementing or casing can and have caused stray methane to migrate and contaminate some water wells. I have been saying that now repeatedly for four years! Denying this problem attacks the truth and is a disservice especially to those whose water has indeed been contaminated with methane.

Second, many water wells do have methane in them as a result of its natural presence in varying levels in some waters.  In fact, naturally occurring methane in water is relatively common in some areas, but that does not mean that mistakes in gas drilling cannot cause methane to pollute water wells. Such drilling mistakes can and do.

Third, fracking fluids are not returning from depth and contaminating water wells.

For case study, Click here to download

Note: The above information has been posted to share in my educational community to enrich them with various  news feeds happening around the globe with reference to some universal oil and gas news feed web links. My in tension is not to capture contents of others illegally but to promote my blog and to share knowledge where they are unable to surf those web links which i followed.